Relevance: A number of injuries to the talus bone remain without attention due to the absence or scant nonspecific symptoms, and the reason for consulting the doctor is an increase in pain syndrome, forcing the patient to reduce his previous motor activity. Often, this clinical picture is accompanied by a pronounced change in the articular surface of the talus bone, often involving the subchondral bone and, in the absence of proper treatment, can lead to the progression of arthrosis, up to disability. This problem requires the application and improvement of known methods of chondroplasty, as well as their modification, possible combination and introduction of new methods of treatment. 

Research objective: The purpose of this review is to evaluate and clinically evaluate the current methods of surgical treatment of talus osteochondropathy. 

Conclusion: Taking into account the review data, it is obvious that there are opportunities to improve the known methods of treatment by supplementing them, and possibly combining them. Thus, the technique of cerebral autochondroplasty has proven itself well from the point of view of replacing bone defects, the use of matrix-induced chondrogenesis contributes to the restoration of hyaline-like cartilage tissue with osteochondral defects of more than 150 mm2. Bone alloplasty allows to work simultaneously with very large defects, however, the high risk of complications associated with the transplant and the technical complexity of the material preparation make the technique hardly reproducible on the territory of the Russian Federation. Good functional short- and medium-term results were shown by the arthroscopic microfracturing technique for small defects, and the use of cultured chondrocytes is a real breakthrough in the treatment of osteochondral defects, however, two-stage and high cost makes the technique inaccessible in our country. Thus, the introduction of new chondroplasty techniques and the modification of existing techniques sets itself the task of increasing the viability and integration of the graft, with the restoration of hyaline-like cartilage surface, which will be reflected in the improvement of clinical long-term results.

Bagavdin Gadzhievich Akhmedov is affiliated with the A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery in the Russian Federation